Walter m



(No Model.)

W. M. PEARCE. TENONING MACHINE.

Patented Dec. l0. 1889.

Wfinesse. ln 6112202".

i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

TAI/FER M. PEAROE, OF RUSHVILLE, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO ROBT. A. INNIS, OF SAME PLACE.

TENONlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 417,200, dated December 10, 1889.

Application tiled March 26, 1889.

.To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER M. PEARCE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rush- Ville, in the county of Rush and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tenoning-Maehines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention,

such as will enable others skilled in the art 1o to which it appcrtains to make and use the same.

This invention appertains to tenoninganaehines, and especially relates to attachments therefor, the construction and purpose of which will be hereinafter clearly set forth.

In forming mortises and tenons with machines of usual construction it has been customary, where the mortise extended but a portion of the length or width of the piece, to cut the mortise by a saw or circular cutter, which necessarily left a filling or rounded por tion at the ends of said mortise, which filling had either to be subsequently chiseled out or otherwise removed before the tenen could be inserted, or the tenen had to be relished or rounded in the direction of the width at its side edge to conform to and fit said roundedend mortise.

In practice it has been found easier and cheaper' to round off or relish the edge of the n,tenen to iit the correspondinglyrounded end mortise than to cut out the filling at the ends of the mortise to adapt it to receive a tenen having parallel side edges, which has heretofore been done upon a separate machine from the tenoning-machine, it bein g customary to first form a straight tenon upon the tenoningmachine and afterward and subsequentl y rounding the side edges of the tenen by cutting the same away by a scroll or band saw, thus requiring' two handlings and two separate and distinct operations, consuming extra time and adding` to the cost of manufacture.

The chief object of my invent-ion is to provide and combine with a tenoning-machine attachments which will automatically and si multaneously form the tenon, round or relish its sideedge, and also, if desired, form a V- shaped entering end thereon, and to so construct and arrange said attachments that they Serial No. 304,871. (No model.)

may be quickly adjusted to form differentsize tenons, and which maybe quickly applied to any usual tenoning-machine.

The invention consists, primarily, in the combination, with a tenoning-machine, of a cutter having a radially-curved cuttingedge located in the rear of the usual tenen-cutters and in a line with the path of movement of the piece to be tenoned to cut or relish the side edge of the tenon to adaptit to fit a inortise having a curved end, substantially as hereinafter described, and set forth in the claims.

It also consists in the combination, in a tenoning-machine, with the usual tenen-cut ters, of a cutter having a V-shaped recessed cutting-edge located in the'rear of the tenoncutters in such relative position as to eut a V-shaped end upon the tenen, in the manner and substantially as hereinafter described and claimed.

It also consists in certain details of con* struction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts and attachments, substantially as hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Iiigure l represents in side elevation a te11oningmachine of ordinary construction as embodying myimprovements; Fig. 2, a plan view of the same, a portion of the table being broken away; and Fig. 3, a detail of the relish-cutter and adjustable support.

Inasmuch as my improved attachments may be used with any usual tenoning-machine, and as the general construction of the machine proper forms no essential part of this invention, it will not be necessary herein to enter into details as tothe exact construction of the said machine. 9o

The machine shown in the drawings, as in most all tenerung-machines, consists, essen tially, of a frame A, of suitable construction, a head or standard B, a bed-plate O, a sliding board-holding carriage or table D, with the usual clamps revolving tenen-cutters E E', niovably connected to the head B by sliding heads F, and the usual shafting-pulleys and adjust-ing mechanism.

As shown in the drawings, the tenen-cutters IOO E E are mounted upon horizontal shafts c'2 e3A in the same plane at a suitable distance above the bed-plate, with their adjacent edges in a plane substantially aligned with the top of,

the table I), upon which the piece to be tenoned is clamped.

Secured to the standard B in the rear of the revolving tenon-cutters E l by means of a bracket G, is a cutter G having radiating arms with a recessed V-shaped cuttingedge g2. This cutter G will be preferably located in close proximity to the tenon-cutters E E', as shown, it being mounted upon a vertical shaft g3, journaled in a box upon one arm g4 of the bracket, said bracket, as shown, being formed, preferably, in two parts g4 g5, which parts are movably connected, as hereinafter described. This cutter G is located to revolve on a plane in a line with the center of travel of the piece being operated upon, and acts to cut away a portion ot` the end of the tenon to form a V-shapcd entering en d upon said tenon.

By forming a V-shaped entering end upon the tenon considerable advantage is secured, as it enables the tenon to be readily centered withrelation to the mortise it is to enter, and

also to be driven home without chipping or skiving its edges, thereby sceurin g a tight and regular joint.

As stated, the bracket upon which the V- cutter G ismounted will preferably be made in two pieces g4 g5, one of which pieces will have a dovetail slide gf formed thereon horizontally to enter a horizontal dovetail groove or mortise g'r in the other, thus enabling the arm g, carrying the cutter G', to be adjusted horizontally with .relation to the arm g, to adapt the cutter to operate upon tenons of greater or less length. I do not, however, dcsire to limit myself to a two-part bracket, as the bracket might, if desired, be made in one piece, and the cutter might be changed from one of small to one of larger diameter to adapt it to operate upon smaller tenons, or vice versa. If twohparts are used adj ustably secured together, as described, a set-screw will preferably be used to hold the parts in adjusted position. A screw might, however, be used to move the arm g4 with relation to the arm g5, if desired.

Pivotally secured to the standard B at the rear side thereof is a bracket Irl, to which is movably secured acarriage H,havi ng journalx boxes h2 thereon, in which is mounted a horizontal shaft h, having atits end a cutter H2, having radial arms h4, the cutting-edges of which are semicircular in form, which cutter is so arranged with relation to the tenon-cutters E E that after the piece being operated upon has passedlthe said tenon-cutters it will act upon the rear edge, cutting the same to the form of an arc, as shown in the drawings, to adapt the tenon to a mortise having a rounded end, as stated in the preamble to this description. The cutting-edges of this cutter H2 will be preferably arranged spirally to permit them to gradually shear the edge of the tenon, This cutter is made removable, so that other forms of cutters may be applied in its stead-as, for instance, when it is dcsired to bring the edge of the tenon by cutting remote from the edge of the piece upon which it is formed, but form a straight instead of a rounded edge, a cutter will be applied to the shaft having a straight cuttingedge..

Formed in the carriage H near its front side are elongated slots h5, which will preferably register at one point with transverse slots in the pivoted bracket H, and said carriage will be firmly clamped to said bracket by bolts extended through the two slots in each end, as shown clearly in Fig. 2, this construction allowing adjustment horizontally and transversely to bring the cutter H2 to different positions, as may be desired. Formed inthe ends of the arms h of the bracket H are two radial slots k7, through whicha bolt is extended into t-he standard B, which slots allow the bracket to be raised or lowered as desired, the bolt holding the same in adjusted position.

I do not desire to limit myself to the eXact constructionof bracket H, carriage H, and cutter H2, just described, nor to the exact arrangement and adjustment thereof, as` such construction and arrangement might bevaried Without departing from my invention-` as, for instance, the bracket might be formed in one piece with the carriage and the shaft be made to move h orizontallyinpits bearings; or the slots h6 in the carriage H orA bracket H might either be dispensed with.

Inasmuch as it is new, in so far as I know, with me to provide a tenoning-machine with supplemental cutters to form a V-shaped end upon the tenon, and also to round off the edge of said tenon to adapt it to fit a round-ended mortise, and whereby the said three operations may be done simultaneously upon a single machine, it is desired to draw claims of sufficient breadth to cover any equivalent or slightly-variable constructions.

I claiml l. The combination,in atenoning-machine, with the tenon-cutters, ot' a cutter located in the rear of the tenori-cutters, having a recessed cutting-edge to reduce the end of the tenon, substantially as described.

2. In a tenoning-machine, the combination, with the tenon-cutters, of a cutter having a V-shaped cutting-edge located in the rear of the tenon-cutters and adjustably connected to the frame or standard of the machine, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. A tenoning-machine provided with a set of cutters to cut the upper and lower sides of the tenon, a cutter to cut away a portion of the end of the tenon, and a cutter to relish or round the side edge of the tenon, all arranged substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. In a tenoning-machine having a set of roo IIO

IZO

tenon-cutters, a cutter having a radial cutting-edge located in the rear of said tenoncutters to relish or round the side edge of the tenon, and a cutter having a recessed cuttingvro `with the frame, of the bracket H, pivotally secured thereto, the carriage H adj ustably secured to said bracket, the shaft 7U", journaled in said carriage, having a removable cutter H2, with a radial cutting-edge at its end, and the recess-edged cutter G and tenori-cutters E E', all arranged substantially as shown and described.

7. A tenoning-lnachine combining' the Vertically-rotating tenon-cutters E E', the horizontally-rotating cutter G', having the recessed cutting-edge, and the vertically-rotating radial cutter H2, all arranged as described and adjustably connected to the frame of the machine, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence ot' two witnesses.

VALTER M. PEARCE. lVit-nesses:

" GEO. E. MUIRE,

HARLEY L. GRAHAM. 

